In this thesis, the value chain for Fairtrade labeled goods is examined from ethical consumers in the north to producer organizations in the south. From there, the analysis studies how the income can be shared between producers, stakeholders and communities in different scenarios. Profit functions are used in a principal-agent setting to analyze participation constraints as well as incentive ...

We aim to answer whether expected occupational gains motivated rural-urban and rural-rural migration in nineteenth-century Norway. Human capital theory indicates that the higher expected gains, the more prone an individual will be to migrate. We use a micro-level data set of over 42,000 rural sons linked to their fathers based on 1865 and 1900 Norwegian censuses and employ a switching endogenous ...

Denne rapporten omhandler status og fremtidige muligheter for de marine næringene i Nord-Norge. Det blir pekt på utfordringer og flaskehalser for fremtidig vekst, og virkemidler og tiltak for å kunne realisere veksten. Rapporten er en av flere faglige utredningsrapporter som skal brukes som grunnlag ved den neste oppdateringen av forvaltningsplanen for det marine miljøet i Barentshavet og havområdene ...